Cambios

# '''Oral Expression and Comprehension:''' Listening and speaking are a must in a successful communication. Students must know how to discriminate phonemes in the new language, distinguish meaning from homophonic words within the context, and use inflection, clear pronunciation, accent and speech melody according to the context and speaker; they also have to use new vocabulary and idioms from the new language properly.<br>Developing oral skills will allow students to have a conversation or to give a speech and exchange more and more complex information about many topics. This learning includes knowledge and use of sayings, proverbs, idioms, greetings and other popular language uses.

# '''Oral Expression and Comprehension:''' Listening and speaking are a must in a successful communication. Students must know how to discriminate phonemes in the new language, distinguish meaning from homophonic words within the context, and use inflection, clear pronunciation, accent and speech melody according to the context and speaker; they also have to use new vocabulary and idioms from the new language properly.<br>Developing oral skills will allow students to have a conversation or to give a speech and exchange more and more complex information about many topics. This learning includes knowledge and use of sayings, proverbs, idioms, greetings and other popular language uses.

# '''Written Expression and Comprehension:''' Reading is a complex process.  Students must understand and interpret not only words and sentences but signs, icons, pictures and other graphic resources that may appear in a written text. Writing allows students the opportunity to share ideas, information and feelings through the use of tools and processes previously learned.<br>Since reading and writing are processes that students already learned in their own language, they should transfer cognitive and metacognitive strategies for reading and writing into the new language. Whether or not that happens, teachers of English will also work to facilitate reading comprehension. It is very important to take into consideration that English is a second or third language for students. They probably already speak one or two Guatemalan languages.<br>Reading comprehension involves usage of active and passive voices usage that is why it is treated in a separate component. Needless to say, writing is a more complex learning level in a second or third language so the English teacher will also help students to improve their skills. This component also includes intellectual and communicative tasks related to the knowledge of grammar and syntactic structures.

# '''Written Expression and Comprehension:''' Reading is a complex process.  Students must understand and interpret not only words and sentences but signs, icons, pictures and other graphic resources that may appear in a written text. Writing allows students the opportunity to share ideas, information and feelings through the use of tools and processes previously learned.<br>Since reading and writing are processes that students already learned in their own language, they should transfer cognitive and metacognitive strategies for reading and writing into the new language. Whether or not that happens, teachers of English will also work to facilitate reading comprehension. It is very important to take into consideration that English is a second or third language for students. They probably already speak one or two Guatemalan languages.<br>Reading comprehension involves use of active and passive voices so it is treated in a separate component. Needless to say, writing is a more complex learning level in a second or third language so the English teacher will also help students to improve their skills. This component also includes intellectual and communicative tasks related to the knowledge of grammar and syntactic structures.

# '''Vocabulary Development:''' Having a wide vocabulary and idioms from new language will allow learners to obtain more knowledge and better ways to interact with other people.<br>Vocabulary mastering is a good learning level indicator. The more accurate, wide and strong vocabulary the student acquires, the more possibilities to communicate his needs or feelings as well as to process and interpret the information he receives. It could take many years to go from one level to another. In a very low level, the learner could easily exchange simple information with a basic vocabulary to understand and to be understood in predictable daily situations and conversations in which he could be producer but mostly recipient of his interlocutor messages. For an advanced level, students could easily and clearly say ideas and opinions about a wide range of topics. They could also understand and exchange information reliably; to proficiently communicate with other people about situations other than academic, commercial, technical, literary and conceptual topics.

# '''Vocabulary Development:''' Having a wide vocabulary and idioms from the new language will allow learners to obtain more knowledge and better ways to interact with other people.<br> Mastery of vocabulary is a good indicator of learning level. The more accurate, wider and stronger vocabulary the student acquires, the more possibilities he or she will have to communicate needs or feelings, as well as to process and interpret the information he or she receives. It could take many years to go from one level to another. At a very low level, the learner can easily exchange simple information using basic vocabulary to understand and be understood in predictable daily situations and conversations in which he may produce language but mostly is the recipient of his or her interlocutor's messages. At an advanced level, students can easily and clearly express ideas and opinions about a wide range of topics. They also understand and exchange information reliably and proficiently communicate with other people about situations other than academic, commercial, technical, literary and conceptual topics.

# '''Culture and Society:''' Oral and written comprehension plus wide vocabulary and idioms, in the new language, should help students to obtain good knowledge about the involved culture as well as to compare and value their own language. It is well known that language categories rely on uses that native speakers give to them, becoming a kind of window to grasp another view of reality and life.<br>From greetings, the common gateways to other communities, to sophisticated metaphors, students should recognize that they are in contact with other traditions, references and meanings linked to Anglo- American cultures.

# '''Culture and Society:''' Oral and written comprehension plus wide vocabulary and idioms, in the new language, should help students better understand the culture involved as well as compare and value their own language. It is well known that language categories rely on uses that native speakers give to them, becoming a kind of window to grasp another view of reality and life.<br>From greetings, the common gateways to other communities, to sophisticated metaphors, students should recognize that they are in contact with other traditions, references and meanings linked to Anglo- American cultures.

== Area Competences ==

== Area Competences ==